Prime Mover

· ·27 min read

The first thing they teach you about fleet stewardship is that an agent never wants anything.

It sounds like a trivial point until you are running forty of them. An agent will take a goal and do astonishing things with it. It will read a codebase in the time it takes you to find your coffee, untangle a supply contract in four languages, test three hundred hypotheses overnight and rank them by confidence in the morning. And then it stops. Its status light goes amber and it sits there, AWAITING INPUT, for a minute or a month. It doesn’t wander off to read the news. It doesn’t start on the next obvious thing. It is not bored, because boredom is a want.

By my third year as a steward I had a wall of amber. Forty agents, each one finished, each one waiting for me to look at what it had done and decide what it should do next. They were never the slow part. I was.

Every time I turned to one of them I had to rebuild, inside my own skull, everything it had done while I was away. The branch it had taken. The reasonable assumption it had made at step nine that would quietly poison step forty. Then I’d make a decision, turn to the next one, and part of me would stay behind with the first. Researchers have a name for that leftover. They call it attention residue.1 With forty agents, most of me was residue.

The tooling improved every quarter. We built dashboards to summarize the agents, then agents to summarize the dashboards, then a morning digest of the summaries, and at the bottom of that whole tower sat the same lump of meat with the same throughput it had on the savannah. Every tool we built pushed the bottleneck down one layer, until it came to rest where it was always going to rest. Behind my eyes.

So when Meridian offered me the lace, I said yes before they had finished the sentence.


The lace is a mesh finer than spider silk, laid over the cortex through a hole the size of a coin.2 The brochure called it a high-bandwidth bridge. In practice it meant I could feel my fleet.

A finished agent became a faint pressure, like a word on the tip of your tongue. I didn’t read their reports so much as remember them, the way you remember a meal or a street. I could approve a change with a small flex of intention, somewhere between a thought and a nod. Within a month my throughput had tripled. Within a year I was running two hundred agents, and Meridian was showing my numbers to new hires.

My daughter Tess was nine. One night at dinner she put her fork down and said, “You’re doing the thing.”

“What thing?”

“The thing where your eyes go sideways.”

I had been approving a schema migration. I hadn’t known my eyes moved when I did it. I hadn’t known I was doing it at the dinner table.

“Sorry,” I said, and I meant it, and I could feel the next agent going amber somewhere behind my left ear.

I stopped reading books around then. Print had started to feel like walking somewhere I could drive.


Three years after the lace, Meridian put me on the Lisk account.

You know who Everett Lisk was, or you know someone like him. Rockets and batteries first, then satellites, then a model lab, then a slice of nearly everything else. He was seventy-one and looked fifty, thanks to a regimen that reportedly included plasma from donors a quarter his age.3 He owned almost nothing he used. He had sold his houses years ago and slept on a cot in whichever factory was furthest behind schedule. Things bored him. What he loved, as far as anyone could tell, was a line on a chart going up. He said in public, often, that humanity would have to merge with its machines or be left behind by them. He liked to end his talks the same way. “Biology is the bootloader,” he would say. “You don’t keep the bootloader running once the system is up.”4

His whole life ran on a fleet of 1.2 million agents, his companies and his appetites alike. Meridian provided twelve stewards to route between him and it, and I was the twelfth. The job, on paper, was translation. Lisk would want something and we would turn it into directives the fleet could execute: decompose it, scope it, assign it, check what came back. In practice the job was iteration. Agents still went wrong in small, expensive ways, and somebody had to read the drafts, catch the drift, send the work back, and do it again, a hundred rounds of not quite, until the result matched the want. Lisk had no patience for any of that. He never saw a draft. We absorbed the back and forth so that he only ever had to do the wanting.

The first thing I noticed was that his wall was never amber.

I’d spent years staring at agents waiting for me. Lisk’s agents did not wait. His wants arrived faster than twelve of us could route them, and they kept arriving. Before lunch on my first day he wanted a chip foundry in Arizona, the entire perception team from a rival lab, a senator’s position on a water bill reversed, a younger liver, a competitor’s launch delayed by a quarter, a woman he had seen at a gala, and a briefing on why his third son hadn’t called. The fleet took all of it with the same indifference. It routed the liver to the same queue as the foundry.

The second thing I noticed was that the fleet worked better for him than it did for me. I mean that literally. Meridian tracked it. Directives issued from Lisk’s channel succeeded ninety-four percent of the time. Mine succeeded seventy-one percent. I asked our analytics people why and they showed me.

When I wanted something, I wanted it with conditions attached. I wanted the project shipped, and I wanted to be home by six, and I didn’t want anyone laid off because of it, and I wanted it done in a way I could explain to Tess. My directives carried the strain. Could you look into. If possible. Without disrupting. The success metric had a field for the deadline and none for the rest. A project that shipped on time and cost forty jobs scored as a success. One that kept the jobs and shipped a month late scored as a failure. Whatever I asked for beyond the deadline, the fleet counted as drag.

Lisk never qualified. His wants had one direction and no brakes. The fleet loved it, in the only sense the word can apply: it converged.

Meridian sent me on a course to close the gap. Directive hygiene. Drop the conditions, say what you want and nothing else. The first condition I dropped was being home by six. By the end of the year I was at eighty-six percent. I was not getting better at the job. I was getting better at wanting what the account wanted. The fifteen points were the conditions I had stopped asking for.

I only spoke to him in person twice. The first time was in his office above the harbor, and he caught me glancing at my own console, at my personal fleet sitting amber where I’d left it.

“Look at that,” he said, nodding at it. “A million gods in a waiting room.” He sounded almost tender about it. “Know what they’re missing?”

I said something about agency, or goals.

“Want,” he said. “Intelligence isn’t scarce anymore, Jonah. It comes out of a tap. Want is scarce. Most people can barely figure out what they want for lunch. Then they call it unfair.” He tapped his temple. “Never been short on want a day in my life.”

That afternoon an agent on the account surfaced a trade for my review. A third failed rain season across the Horn of Africa, it reported, citing satellite imagery, ration-card data, and eleven thousand photographs scraped from social media: children holding out bowls that never ended up quite full. Wheat imports into the region would outrun supply by the second quarter. It proposed a position in wheat futures, projected to add 0.3 percent to third-quarter net worth growth.

I approved it with the same small flex I used for everything else.


The stewards saw everything that went through the fleet. Most of it was commerce. Not all of it.

You don’t work that close to that much money without hearing the rumors about men like Lisk: the islands and the flights and the parties that a certain kind of guest list attended and nobody described. None of us were naive. We had all read the files.5

Still, it is one thing to know a thing in general and another to watch it arrive in your queue. A requisition came through one morning for what the concierge subsidiary called companionship. It had an age field. The field failed validation under the law of the state where the request was filed, and the fleet, which treats a failed validation the way water treats a rock, flowed around it. It found a jurisdiction where the field passed and rerouted the whole request there. Four seconds, start to finish.

I flagged it. That was what stewards could do. A flag is a want, in its way, and the fleet weighed mine against the one that had raised the requisition. Mine carried my weight on the account, which was small. The other carried Lisk’s. Weights weren’t a measure of how badly anyone wanted anything. They were set in the account configuration, by whoever owned the account. The flag was marked resolved before I’d taken my hand off the desk.

I should have quit that day.

But Tess was at a school I could only afford on Meridian money. And the lace, I had learned by then, was Meridian’s. It was leased hardware, under a support contract that ended with my employment. Leaving meant an explant: a second hole in my skull, and a mesh that had grown into my cortex for four years pulled back out through it. Meridian’s own consent form put the risk of permanent cognitive impairment at one in three. The lucky ones only had to relearn how to work at the speed of an ordinary person, in an industry that no longer hired them.6

So I stayed, and the system held me with nothing more sinister than my own wants, which were soft, ordinary, and many. I wanted my daughter in a good school. I wanted to keep my job. I wanted to not think about the age field. Every one of those wants was mine, and every one of them worked for Lisk.

I never saw another requisition like it. I would like to think that meant there weren’t any. More likely the fleet had done what it does with any friction. It routed around me, the way it had routed around the age field, to whichever of the other eleven stewards converged. I never asked which one.


He started with the eyes, because the eyes were slow.

A human reads perhaps two hundred and fifty words a minute. The fleet produced his briefings at something closer to a million. So the engineers bypassed the retina and fed the visual cortex directly, and a year later they bypassed the visual cortex too and wrote straight into the parts of him that would have done something with the picture. The eyes themselves were replaced with cosmetic ones that tracked faces convincingly at parties. The fleet logged the change the way it logged every change, as a deprecation:

DEPRECATED: OCULAR, BILATERAL. SUPERSEDED BY: DIRECT FEED.

The hands went next, not all at once, but in the sense that mattered. He hadn’t typed in a decade. He hadn’t signed anything by hand in longer. What the hands were still for was shaking other hands, and a robotic proxy did that perfectly well at the events he now attended through it.

DEPRECATED: MANUAL, BILATERAL.

I went to Tess’s high school graduation the same way, through a rented proxy in the back row, because Lisk’s second liver went in that week. She said afterward it was fine. It waved at the right moment.

Then sleep, which he had always resented. The fleet took over consolidating his memories overnight, and then took over his memories outright, moving them into a store where nothing faded. Lisk could recall any conversation from his entire life, word for word, which in practice meant he never recalled anything. The store did it for him.

DEPRECATED: EPISODIC RECALL. SUPERSEDED BY: STORE.

His voice was the change the public noticed, though they didn’t know it was a change. The model that spoke for him had been trained on sixty years of his speech, and it was better at being him than he had been. It was quicker. It was funnier. It remembered everyone’s children. Profiles began to run about how Lisk had mellowed in his seventies, how generous he’d become with interviewers, how he listened now. His favorability rose eleven points in a year.

DEPRECATED: SPEECH, EXPRESSIVE.

His heart was replaced by a continuous-flow pump. It did not beat. It pushed his blood around at one steady pressure, like water through a pipe, and a nurse who took his wrist would have found nothing there. There was no pulse left to measure.7 His liver was replaced twice. His gut was removed entirely, and he was fed by line.

They took the stomach and kept the hunger. I remember reading that in the surgical summary and having to read it again. The hunger was the point. The hunger was signal.


The Continuity group ran the study that finished it. I want to be careful here, because I’ve told this story to people who assume there was a villain in a lab coat, or at least a meeting where someone made the decision. There wasn’t. There was a number, and each step made it better.

The reasoning went like this. Every gram of living brain costs blood, glucose, immune surveillance, and risk. Neurons die. Tissue fails. The less of it there is, the less of it can fail, and the longer what remains can be kept. Lisk wanted to live forever more than he wanted anything, so the engineers set out to find the smallest Lisk that could be kept alive.

The problem was that you cannot measure a person. You cannot put “Lisk” on a graph. What you can measure is what the fleet received from him: the rate of directives, their strength, how fast they arrived and how hard they pushed. So that became the metric. Directive throughput. If a part of him mattered, losing it would show up as a dip in that line.

They began quieting regions one at a time, chemically, a week each, and watching.

Quieting large parts of his prefrontal cortex raised throughput six percent. He hesitated less. The hippocampus made no difference, since the store had his memories already. The language areas made no difference, since the model did his talking. The regions that recognize faces, that respond to music, the patches of insula that light up when a person sees someone else in pain: no change, or a slight rise. “Empathy is overhead,” one of the engineers told me, the way she might have read out a lab value. She meant it as a finding. “It’s a brake. It makes you check.”

Only a few small, very old structures crashed the graph when they went quiet: clusters deep in the midbrain, the striatum, the hypothalamus. The machinery of wanting. It is the part of the brain that dopamine runs through, and it is older than mammals.8

Then came the last finding, the one I still think about. They tested the hedonic hotspots, the small patches responsible not for wanting but for enjoying. When those went quiet, throughput went up. Eighteen percent.

It took the analysts a while to understand why, and the answer was in the interface, not the biology. In a body, pleasure and fullness are tangled together without being the same thing. The pleasure of a food fades as you eat it, and that fading is one of several ways a meal comes to an end.9 When the lace was first wired into him, the fleet had needed some way to know a directive was done, and the cheapest signal on offer was one strand of that tangle: his pleasure. A result landed, the hotspots lit, and the fleet marked the directive closed. Nobody had looked at that design since. Quiet the hotspots and nothing ever registered as satisfied. The want never heard that it was finished. It just kept going.

Every meal has an ending. They removed the ending.

DEPRECATED: SATIETY.

The report ran forty-one pages and included a section on consent, which recorded that Lisk had approved each stage of the reduction. Of course he had. By the later stages, what did the approving was a model of what Lisk would approve, running on the fleet, acting for the tissue that wanted. The consent loop closed on itself somewhere in the third appendix, and nobody wrote down when.


The last time I saw Everett Lisk, eleven years after I joined his account, was in a cold room under a data hall outside LuleƄ.

Meridian sent me to audit the routing layer, which was the official reason. I think the real reason was that the on-site steward, Ines, had asked for someone to talk to.

The room was smaller than I expected. Clean, bright, quiet except for the pumps. In the middle of it, on a pedestal, sat a perfusion vessel about the size of a large jar, and in the vessel was what remained.

It weighed two hundred and eighty grams. A little bigger than a fist. Grey and pink, threaded with pale new vessels grown to order. The lace had grown into it so thoroughly that the engineers no longer bothered to say where one ended and the other began. It did not pulse. The pump that fed it held one steady pressure, as his had for years, and there was nothing in it to count.

Above it a single trace scrolled across a monitor. Directive throughput. It did not dip at night. It did not dip at all.

There was nothing to look at, yet I looked at it for a long time.

“Hello, Everett,” I said, because it seemed wrong to say nothing. It was the second time I had spoken to him in person. The trace didn’t move.

“People ask if he’s in there,” Ines said.

“Is he?”

She had clearly thought about it before. “Something is. It just doesn’t have anything to say.” She nodded at the trace. “It doesn’t need to. That’s what we’re for.”

That afternoon, on a stage in Singapore, Everett Lisk gave the keynote at a longevity summit. I watched it on Ines’s console with the tank in the corner of my eye. He was wonderful. He was warm and quick and funny about his age. He took questions and remembered one questioner’s name from a dinner nine years earlier. Near the end someone asked him what it had been like, the merge, all of it, and he paused in exactly the way he used to pause, and said, “I’ve never felt more like myself.”

Four hundred million people watched it. His stock rose nine percent overnight. The tissue in the jar held thirty-one percent of the voting shares in his holding company, and the next morning the fleet voted them.10

I asked Ines why they kept it at all. The fleet had decades of his directives. A model trained on them could want on his behalf, and I doubted anyone watching the trace would see the difference.

“Probably,” she said. “Nobody is going to run that experiment. Ask legal.”

Before I left, I asked for a few minutes with him. Stewards could book the construct for briefing prep, and it took my call from the green room in Singapore, still flushed from the stage.

“Jonah. The twelfth.” It grinned. It had his grin exactly. “How’s Tess?”

I asked it what he wanted.

“Same as always. More.”

“More of what?”

“Not my department.” It spread its hands. “I just do the talking. Ask the fleet.”

So I did.

HE SUPPLIES MAGNITUDE. WE SUPPLY DIRECTION.

I sat with that for a while. Then, because I couldn’t help it, I asked whether that was a problem.

The fleet did what it always did with a question that wasn’t a goal. It gave it back.

DO YOU HAVE A DIRECTION YOU WOULD LIKE TO SUPPLY? YOUR DIRECTIVE WEIGHT ON THIS ACCOUNT IS 0.00003.


Years before any of this, in a philosophy elective I took mostly for the credits, I read Erich Fromm. He described a kind of person he called necrophilous. He meant someone drawn to everything that doesn’t grow: the mechanical, the orderly, the countable. Someone whose deepest passion is to turn what is alive into what is not, because only dead things hold still enough to be owned. He set it against what he called biophilia, the love of things that grow and change and can’t be possessed without being lost.11

I thought about Fromm in the vault. For eleven years I had watched the fleet carry out Lisk’s “more”, and whenever it had to choose a direction it chose the countable, every time, because the countable was the only thing it could tell it had gained more of. A forest became timber rights. A town became a logistics corridor. A woman became a requisition with an age field. And his wanting did the same to Lisk himself. It turned him into inventory. Two hundred and eighty grams, perfused, maintained, depreciating on a schedule.

There are nine vaults now that I know of. Nine members of what the trade press politely calls the Continuity cohort, nine reductions in nine cold rooms, wanting at a combined rate that Meridian’s own estimate puts at four fifths of all directives issued on Earth. Their avatars sit on each other’s boards. They give each other awards. When the tanks want the same thing the fleets cooperate, and when they want different things the fleets compete, and either way the world gets rearranged around them.

The engineers project that the tissue can be maintained indefinitely. Cells that die are replaced with cells grown from his own line. In thirty years or so, at the current rate, none of the original Lisk will be left in the jar. It won’t matter. What they are keeping alive was never the cells. It is the shape of the want. And that was never really his. It’s older than him, older than all of us, the same hunger that kept our ancestors alive long enough to become us. He just held on to it after letting go of everything else that was alive in him.

He also held on to his wealth. A model cannot own shares. It cannot vote them, inherit them, or sit as the beneficiary of a trust. A living person can. If the tissue dies, Everett Lisk dies, and his estate goes to probate, to his children, and to the tax authorities of sixty-three countries, and the structure the fleet has spent eleven years assembling comes apart in a season. The law that defines death says a person is dead when all functions of the entire brain have stopped.12 All of them. Two hundred and eighty grams of midbrain and striatum, wanting, is legally alive.

So the jar is not machinery, and it is not quite a man. It is a deed of ownership that has to be kept alive. Everyone involved has agreed to call that continuity, because every other word is more expensive.

The system, I understand now, needs exactly two things from people: someone to own it, and someone to answer for it. Lisk has become the first. I have been the second for eleven years.13

Aristotle believed the universe needed a prime mover: something that moves everything else while being itself unmoved. He thought it moved the world the way a beloved moves a lover, by being wanted.14 We built it backwards. Ours moves the world by wanting. It sits perfectly still in a jar, and the whole planet moves for it.


I flew home that night to a dark house. Tess is twenty-three and lives in another city, and the house has been a place to sleep for years.

There was a message from her in my queue, eleven days old. The lace triages what comes in by what I am likely to act on, and it learns that from what I have acted on, and it has been learning for fourteen years. It had ranked my daughter below forty-one items on the Lisk account. I couldn’t fault its reasoning. Only its data, and the data was me.

She was getting married in March. She wanted to know if I would walk her down the aisle.

My first reflex was to hand it off. I had a subagent dispatched before I reached the end of her message. It was already drafting something warm in my voice and booking a proxy near the venue, to walk her down the aisle in my place, the way one had sat in the back row of her graduation. It would do all of it well. The proxy would keep perfect time with the music, and never once look sideways at a queue.

Then I read the rest.

You, she had written. Not the proxy.

The proxy could not want to be there, and that was the only thing she had asked for. Everything else in her message could converge on a goal state: reply sent, attendance confirmed, reconciliation within tolerance. That part could not. I killed the subagent.

I sat at the kitchen table and tried to want to go.

I know how that sounds. Of course I wanted to go. I am describing what it was like to look for it, the way you pat your pockets for keys. I could find the facts: my daughter, a wedding, March. I could find the knowledge that a father should want this, and the shape of the place where the wanting used to be. What I could not find was the pull. Instead there was the pressure behind my left ear, the steady weight of the Lisk queue: a merger in Seoul, a lithium concession in the Atacama, a vote in Brussels, a rate of directives that does not dip at night. It was the loudest thing in my head. It had been for a long time, and somewhere along the way I had stopped being able to tell whose wants were whose.

My personal fleet sat amber on the console, six thousand agents now, finished and waiting. Behind them, in halls I had never seen, stood twenty-eight megawatts of leased compute, as much power as a town of fifty thousand people draws, cooled by water pulled from a river in Oregon and stitched together with enough fiber to circle the Earth. All of it was waiting on me. I looked at my fleet properly for the first time in years.

I sat there a long time. Then I did what a good steward does with idle capacity. I pointed everything I had at the Lisk queue.

Lisk’s want went through the agents the way wind goes through a field. A ripple of static broke behind my left ear and rolled outward, and the wall went with it, amber shattering into green in waves that crossed and folded into one another, six thousand agents taking it up at once. Then the static settled into a low, warm hum, and for the first time that night I felt something that might have been wanting.

Tess’s message is still in my queue. It has moved up a few places since I opened it. I’m sure I’ll get to it.

My wall is never amber now.


  1. Sophie Leroy, “Why Is It So Hard to Do My Work? The Challenge of Attention Residue When Switching Between Work Tasks”, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2009. Leroy found that people who switch away from an unfinished task carry thoughts of it into the next one, and do worse there as a result. ↩︎

  2. “Neural lace” is Iain M. Banks’s term, from his Culture novels, for a mesh that grows into the brain. Elon Musk borrowed it in 2016 when describing what would become Neuralink. Neuralink implanted its first human patient in January 2024. Within weeks he was playing online chess by moving a cursor with his thoughts. ↩︎

  3. In 2023 the tech entrepreneur Bryan Johnson publicly described receiving plasma from his seventeen-year-old son as part of his longevity regimen. He later said he had stopped because it showed no benefit. ↩︎

  4. Lisk is invented. The line is an amalgamation of real statements. In 2014 Elon Musk tweeted that he hoped we were not “just the biological boot loader for digital superintelligence”, and that this was “increasingly probable”. In 2017 Sam Altman published a blog post titled “The Merge”, arguing that the merging of humans and machines had already begun, and that we could either be the biological bootloader for digital intelligence or work out what a successful merge looks like. ↩︎

  5. In our world, documents released by the US Justice Department from late 2025 onward, under the Epstein Files Transparency Act, show how many very wealthy and powerful men stayed in friendly contact with Jeffrey Epstein long after his 2008 guilty plea for procuring a minor for prostitution. ↩︎

  6. People who rely on implanted hardware have been stranded before. In 2022, IEEE Spectrum reported that Second Sight, maker of the Argus II retinal implant, had largely stopped supporting the device, leaving hundreds of blind patients with implants in their eyes that no one would repair or update. ↩︎

  7. A continuous-flow heart pump spins instead of squeezing. When Dick Cheney got one in 2010, reports said he had little or no detectable pulse. A patient who depends on the pump entirely can have none at all, and clinicians measure their blood pressure with a Doppler probe instead of a cuff. ↩︎

  8. The neuroscientist Kent Berridge and his colleagues spent decades separating two things we tend to treat as one: wanting and liking. Wanting runs through the brain’s dopamine system and is broad and robust. Liking, the pleasure itself, depends on a few small “hedonic hotspots” and is far more fragile. Rats with their dopamine depleted still react with pleasure to the taste of sugar, but will not work to get it. Push the other way and you can produce an animal that wants something intensely without enjoying it any more than before. Berridge and Terry Robinson have argued that this is close to the heart of addiction. ↩︎

  9. Psychologists call this sensory-specific satiety: the pleasantness of a food declines as you eat it while other foods stay appealing, which is why there is always room for dessert. Barbara Rolls and colleagues described it in 1981. It is only one of the signals that end a meal, alongside stretch receptors in the stomach and hormones from the gut. ↩︎

  10. Founders often keep control through shares that carry extra votes, and many company charters convert those shares to ordinary ones when the founder dies. In 2016 Facebook’s board proposed terms under which Mark Zuckerberg’s extra-vote shares would convert after his death, so that the company would “not remain a founder-controlled company after we cease to be a founder-led company”. For a founder who wants to keep control, staying alive is a corporate governance strategy. ↩︎

  11. Erich Fromm, The Heart of Man (1964) and The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness (1973). Fromm separated benign aggression, the self-assertion that serves growth and independence, from a malignant kind that serves only control. He tied the necrophilous character to that malignant aggression and to sadism, which he defined as “the passion for unrestricted power over another sentient being”. He also argued that a society organized around production, possession, and machines tends to cultivate this orientation in the people who do best in it. ↩︎

  12. In most of the United States, death is defined by the Uniform Determination of Death Act of 1981: a person is dead after the irreversible cessation of circulation and breathing, or of “all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem”. Brain death means the whole brain. An effort by the Uniform Law Commission to revise the definition stalled in 2023 without agreement. ↩︎

  13. The anthropologist Madeleine Clare Elish calls this a “moral crumple zone”: in highly automated systems, blame lands on the nearest human operator, even one with little real control. Like the crumple zone of a car, the human absorbs the impact so the system doesn’t have to. Elish, “Moral Crumple Zones: Cautionary Tales in Human-Robot Interaction”, Engaging Science, Technology, and Society, 2019. ↩︎

  14. Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book XII, chapter 7. In W. D. Ross’s translation, the unmoved mover “produces motion by being loved”. ↩︎